In recent months, the political landscape of India has been marked by a growing crisis of legitimacy surrounding the Election Commission of India (ECI) and the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Allegations of vote theft, fraudulent voter lists, and the manipulation of electoral processes have led to widespread discontent among the populace and have raised serious questions about the integrity of democratic institutions in the country. Here we explore the factors contributing to the erosion of credibility for both the Election Commission and the BJP, drawing on the moral philosophy of Axel Honneth to understand the implications of these developments for Indian democracy.
The Election Commission of India is tasked with overseeing free and fair elections in the country. Its credibility hinges on its ability to act impartially and transparently. However, recent allegations from opposition leaders, particularly Rahul Gandhi and other members of the Congress party, suggest that the ECI has become a tool for the ruling party, facilitating what they term “vote theft” for the BJP. This perception is not merely a political tactic; it reflects a deeper concern about the integrity of the electoral process.
The term “vote Bandhi,” coined in the wake of the controversial demonetization policy (Note Bandhi), encapsulates the sentiment that the electoral process is being manipulated to disenfranchise voters. The opposition’s “Vote Adhikar Yatra” has gained traction, mobilizing citizens around the idea that their voting rights are under threat. This movement underscores a growing awareness among the electorate about the importance of safeguarding democratic processes.
Both the Congress and the BJP have raised concerns about the authenticity of voter lists, with allegations of fraudulent entries and the disenfranchisement of legitimate voters. Such claims, if substantiated, would undermine the very foundation of democracy, which relies on the principle of universal suffrage. The Election Commission’s failure to address these concerns adequately has led to a perception of complicity or ineffectiveness, further eroding its legitimacy.
The recent slogans raised in the Lok Sabha AND Raja Sabha, such as “Vote Chor, Gadhi Chodd” and “Thadi par Go back,” reflect the growing frustration of the opposition that feels that their voices are being silenced. These chants are not just expressions of dissent; they signify a collective demand for accountability and transparency from both the government and the electoral body.
The BJP, which has positioned itself as a champion of nationalism and development, is also facing a credibility crisis. The party’s reliance on divisive politics and its perceived failure to deliver on key promises have alienated significant segments of the electorate. The allegations of vote manipulation and the use of state machinery to suppress dissent have further tarnished its image.
The BJP’s response to opposition protests has often been dismissive, framing dissent as anti-national. This approach not only undermines democratic discourse but also alienates citizens who are increasingly aware of their rights. The party’s inability to engage constructively with opposition voices has contributed to a growing perception that it is more interested in maintaining power than in fostering a healthy democratic environment.
To understand the implications of this crisis of legitimacy, we can draw on the moral philosophy of Axel Honneth, who emphasizes the importance of moral recognition in social relationships. Honneth argues that individuals seek recognition from others to develop their identities and self-worth. In the context of Indian democracy, the failure of the Election Commission and the BJP to recognize the concerns of the electorate has led to a breakdown in trust.
When citizens feel that their voices are not being heard or that their rights are being undermined, they experience a loss of recognition. This loss can manifest in various forms, including protests, social movements, and calls for accountability. The “Vote Adhikar Yatra” and the slogans raised in Parliament are expressions of this demand for recognition and respect for democratic right.
To restore legitimacy and credibility, both the Election Commission and the BJP must take concrete steps to address the concerns of the electorate. The ECI must demonstrate its independence by conducting thorough investigations into allegations of fraudulent voter lists and ensuring transparency in the electoral process. This may involve engaging with civil society organizations and opposition parties to rebuild trust.
For the BJP, a shift in approach is necessary. The party must move away from divisive rhetoric and engage in constructive dialogue with opposition voices. Acknowledging the concerns of citizens and taking steps to address them can help rebuild the party’s credibility and restore faith in democratic institutions. Indeed the BJP has the challenge to understand that its strategy of using fear politics has come to haunt it. Hindu Katre Mein politics is the fear of loss of one’s right to vote . the Mandir/ Masjid politics seemed to be dying and is replaced by politics of the protection of the constitution. This turn to the constitution reminds us of the anti-corruption movement which became an core issue that touched the hearts of Indian and ultimately led to the down fall of the UPA Government in 2014. We seem t o have hit such a turning point today.
The current crisis facing the Election Commission and the BJP in India is a critical juncture for the country’s democracy. The erosion of legitimacy and credibility poses a significant threat to the democratic fabric of the nation. By recognizing the importance of transparency, accountability, and dialogue, both the ECI and the ruling party can work towards restoring trust among the electorate. The future of Indian democracy depends on the ability of its institutions and leaders to uphold the principles of recognition and respect for the rights of all citizens otherwise we may be in for a civil war that seeks regime change . The time for the ruling benches seems to be running out. Like the anti-corruption movement of Indian against corruption, the Vote Adhikar Movement is a struggle for moral recognition . It places a demand of moral propriety on both the ruling BJP, Opposition parties, election commission and the entire citizenry.
